جدول واکسیناسیون مورد سوال در آزمون NCLEX-RN پرستاری
نمونه سوال آزمون NCLEX-RN در مورد واکسیناسیون در زیر موضوع Infectious Disease و تاپیک HIV
The nurse is caring for a 12-month-old client who is HIV-positive and severely immunosuppressed. Which of the following scheduled immunizations should the nurse anticipate administering to the client? Select all that apply.
- Haemophilus influenzae type b
- Hepatitis A
- Measles, mumps, rubella
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
- Varicella
Routine immunization is particularly beneficial to children who are HIV-positive as they are more susceptible to preventable diseases due to a compromised immune system. However, live vaccines are contraindicated in clients with severe immunosuppression (eg, chemotherapy, HIV). Live attenuated vaccines contain a weakened form of a disease-causing organism that elicits an immune response to create antibodies without experiencing the symptoms of disease. Clients with severe immunosuppression generally should not receive live vaccines due to the body’s limited ability to prevent virus multiplication, which could potentially result in severe vaccine-induced illness.
The nurse should anticipate administering non-live immunizations in accordance with the standard vaccine schedule for a 12-month-old child. This includes Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis A, and pneumococcal conjugate vaccinations (Options 1, 2, and 4).
(Options 3 and 5) The varicella and the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccines are live. The nurse should anticipate holding these vaccines until the client is no longer severely immunocompromised.
Educational objective:
Children who are HIV-positive and not severely immunocompromised can receive routine childhood immunizations. However, live vaccines (eg, measles, mumps, and rubella; varicella) are contraindicated in clients with severe immunosuppression due to the risk for vaccine-induced illness.